Babylon [from the Akkadian bāb-ilû, meaning "Gateway of God"] was a city of ancient Mesopotamia, the ruins of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 mi) south of Baghdad, in the fertile Mesopotamian plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
The Eastern Canaan Amorites conquered and settled in Babylon, making it their capital in 1959 BC. From there, the old Babylonian Kingdom was born. The Kingdom then expanded into a mighty Mesopotamian Empire under the rule of its famous king: Hammurabi, sometime in the 18th century BC.
At that time, Babylon flourished and became the cultural and economical capital of the entire Fertile Crescent. It also became the seat of the renown Code of Hammurabi, the first code of law in Human history.
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